AFA 201 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

AFA 201 - Essay Example Far more terrible, a few savants and students of history contend that not all locales and individuals have a history to consider. In such manner, African history has been esteemed to be moderately new particularly after darken comments were made by certain logicians. From the beginning of the nineteenth century, a German scholar gave a class in which he proclaimed that Africa is anything but a chronicled piece of the world. He stressed that it had no turn of events or development to display to the remainder of the world. A hundred years after the fact, a Harvard teacher Hugh Trevor-Roper shared Hegel’s assessments and proclaimed that the main history that Africa can share is Europeans in Africa. He further expressed that the rest is to a great extent dimness and that murkiness isn't a history subject. Such assumptions demonstrate a bigot perspective and high numbness of African accomplishments. In any case, other than bigotry, proclamations disproving that Africa holds a history are established on pivotal origination of chronicled sources that are legitimate. It was accepted that improvement towards progress and changes in social orders was to be composed at the specific time of event. This emphasis on composed materials portrayed Africa’s past undetectable to certain history specialists and to the more extensive open. The greater part of the African social orders had not created composing frameworks before the nineteenth subterranean insect twentieth century (Taiwo 118). This uncovers there was a scarcity of archived records that could be utilized by students of history in the investigation of Africa’s history. The couple of reported subtleties originated from eyewitnesses from outside, for example, European voyagers and shippers. Because of this irregularity, it was generally held that there was no history in Africa. It was anyway found a lot later that without a doubt Africa had a rich past restricted to Africa’s pilgrim history. All things considered, the preachers, businesspeople, and European frontier chairmen kept nitty gritty records of perceptions and exercises on the mainland of Africa (Oladale 319).

Social Issues And Public Policy Topics Politics Essay

Social Issues And Public Policy Topics Politics Essay Social issues and open strategy themes were, customarily, overseen by states through a focal administrative motivation comprising of organizations and legislative local enactment. Be that as it may, this setting-norms approach has introduced a few insufficiencies which, from 1980s on, prompted an examination towards the advancement of new arrangement justification. Among the individuals who underlined and analyzed the move away from the state as the sole entertainer in political and affordable choices is Martin Janiche in his book State Failure, The Impotence of legislative issues in Industrial Society. The given book mirrors the exceptionally talked about subject of the connection among state and market. In explicit, it manages the disappointment of legislative issues, most definitely, to take and execute choices that contradict the predominant trend(M. Janiche, 1990: x). During the 1980s the strategies of industrialized states moved towards a non-legislative guideline of the economy. State focused administration of economy was step by step supplanted by the privatization of the creation of open merchandise and enterprises just as the deregulation of value controls and section limitations. Along these lines, worldwide bodies and global associations just as private on-screen characters accepted an alternate, unquestionably increasingly influent job in the new methods of dynamic. This steady transformation prompted state disappointment and to a sort of a need to rethink states duties towards more bearing and association strategies as opposed to preventive measures.( ). Janicke alludes to state disappointment giving helpful clarification of the term through a clear arrangement of a hypothesis which connects to advertise disappointment (32). A short time later, he centers around puclic wellbeing division, the security of nature and the vehicle and vitality arrangement so as to give increasingly solid instances of the spaces that the state neglects to demonstrate viability. His argumentation continues with state disappointment as state obligation and its causes since 1970 (78). A basic inquiry introduced in this section is whether the government assistance state is excessively expensive (Ch.7). At that point, the writer gives two sections of his book so as to recognize two procedures that cause state disappointment. That is the superindustrialism as a marvel of free enterprise showed up after the post-war blast and the tank condition which as a term (to be examined underneath) alludes to states and legislative issues losing their capacity to direct. He additionally offers comments about the state disappointment inside a logical communism system, that is state disappointment from a communist point of view got from the Soviet-type socialist nations of Eastern Europe. To wrap things up, the creator decided to close his work alluding to political theory as methodological investigation. This last section really reflects his decision for a practical investigation of issue situated political theory alluding simultaneously to key ideas especially utilized all through the book, for example, operators, the idea of intensity, premiums as thought processes in choice, the relationship among's emergencies and improvement and the idea of system as determined choices. We will currently continue in some key ideas introduced by the writer in the book that for all intents and purposes mirror the pith of Janickes work. The foremost idea that comprises a key component in understanding the creators focuses is the force collection process.This thought is straightforwardly connected to emergencies age. The barrenness of governmental issues in the midst of emergency has as a result the weakness of intensity and, in this manner, desmlantilng power possibly can have a positive result (131). The creator recognizes 5 different ways of disassembling power; By decentralization, by countervailing power from above, from beneath, from outside and from inside (131). On the off chance that any productive outcome could happen, at that point it would occur inside the force from inside system, in increasingly straightforward words residents are the individuals who can intercede against the state disappointment and the market pressure. In this sense, the book gives some progressive ramifications that can prompt political change developments in an all inclusive scale. Notwithstanding, this proposal settles upon the peruser to expand, affirm or dismiss. The utilization of the term power is ubiquitous as it is legitimately or in a roundabout way associated with governments, legislative issues and states. In any case, power likewise has to do with different parts, for example, administration, industry, the media and the modern association. As the foundations of the issue are situated in the mechanical structure it would be a vacuum not to allude to the job of the state in the modern framework. Undoubtedly, the creator commits an entire section (the first) so as to give a meaning of the mechanical framework and the state just as to inspect the force relations that lie in them two. The two terms of evonomic and political state disappointment give a functional start of the content as the peruser has the chance to acquaint with terms that will be broadly utilized. Financial state disappointment approaches the disappointment of the state to flexibly a nation with open products that are excessively higly estimated and excessively low in quality (1). Political state disappointment implies a ceaseless powerlessness to take choices broadly consented to be essential (1). The issue really begins when legislators neglect to satisfy their obligation and to serve the reason for which they were chosen in any case. In this way, state disappointment infers, in a basic level, from inside a similar structure of a state and its delegates. In any case, the issue is unmistakably progressively complex for the creator to rest just upon that. He goes further with his argumentation including industrialization and bureaucratization as procedures of intensity aggregation that, in a twisted way, developed from being records of social advancement to producing a rundown of issues that influence the social prosperity and the progression of society. Administration and industry are corresponded as the first is infesting in governmental issues and the second one in economy. The bureaucratization issue has to do with the measures of organizations and the controllability of state apparatuses. The significant inquiry presented here is to what degree are organizations able to compare effectively to issues. Obviously, the beaurocratic centralization has neglected to accommodate practical social arrangements and that is the reason the creator recommends a float towards progressively decentralized answers for issues. Attempting to give a useful, multi-leveled, meaning of the state, Janiche recognizes four capacities; the administrative, the legitimation, the foundation and the disturbance decrease work. The administrative capacity is associated with the monetary operators and the expanding interest for guideline by the state which, if not accomplished, will prompt the flightiness of the financial action (8). The legitimation work concerns the chiefs and their duty to settle on precise choices and keep away from the disappointment of administration. Both the foundation and the irritation reduction work have to do with two of the most central monetary elements of the state connected to financial development (9). Subsequent to having decided the principal elements of the express the creator exhibits their non-materialness by means of the state disappointment hypothesis. More or less, the state disappointment hypothesis accentuates in states diminished guideline limit. As indicated by Janicke, states have a little limit with respect to political intercession and they are practically ineffectual and financially wasteful in settling local issues. The hypothesis of state disappointment is firmly identified with the hypothesis of market disappointment as the first came as a reaction of the last mentioned (31). An extremely exhaustive argumentation demonstrates he interconnection and the connection of those two speculations. To be sure, the state disappointment hypothesis was a reaction to the market disappointment hypothesis which depended on the insufficiency of market to fulfill specific sorts of requests that state, then again, would be the most suitable to relate( for instance the requests for law and training). Accordingly, when the state needs to intercede and address showcase disappointment yet flops in doing as such, we have an away from of how the hypothesis functions. Janicke offers a significant comment about administration. He contends that the multiplying administration is just a reaction of the non-adequacy of an express a not the reason. One of the causes lies, as referenced above, in advertise economy. This is the principal conundrum in the hypothesis of state disappointment. In general there are five conundrums. In the second one he guarantees that despite the fact that state flops in numerous assignments it despite everything stays a financial on-screen character since it figures out how to get wages however present moment in tricky zones of modern culture (35). The third Catch 22 that state disappointment produces is the case that the more cash spent on fixing issues brought about by the mechanical area the less the enthusiasm for making forestalling move before the issue rises (35). The fourth one is associated with the past conundrum. That is, the less preventive activity by the state rises to increasingly costly action for settling the issue, so the requirement for more assessments is expanded. The last oddity is the direct opposite among amount and quality in the state. Gigantic spending plans dont fundamentally mean political force. Despite the fact that the thinking is legitimately adequate, a few models would have made his hypothesis progressively exact. He just gives a case of the last mystery utilizing the instance of guiltiness and state costs in Western Germany from 1965 to 1985 (35). Janiche makes a helpful near open arrangement commitment by applying the past thoughts in the zones of general wellbeing, natural security, transport, vitality and financial strategies and duty uses. Taking into account the way that the fundamental lack of ability of the general public to follow an empathetic modern improvement is certainly not a specialized trouble however an issue of intensity, the creator proposes the disposal of the imposing business model of intensity of mechanical creation through the reinforceme

PTSD Symptoms and Diagnosis

PTSD Symptoms and Diagnosis PTSD Symptoms Print Symptoms and Diagnosis of PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 29, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD Other Diagnostic Tools When to See a Professional Related Conditions View All Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs after a traumatic event and interferes with a persons ability to function. You may wonder if you or someone you care about has PTSD, and whether you need to get professional help. If you are experiencing symptoms of PTSD, it is important to see a doctor so that you can get the right diagnosis and treatment. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell The Difference Between PTSD and Stress Not everyone who has experienced a traumatic event will develop PTSD. After a traumatic event, it is normal to have strong feelings of anxiety, sadness, or stress. Some people may even experience nightmares, memories about the event, or problems sleeping at night, which are common characteristics of PTSD. However, these symptoms do not necessarily mean that you have PTSD. Think of it this way: Headaches can be a symptom of a bigger problem, such as meningitis. However, having a headache does not necessarily mean that you have meningitis. The same is true for PTSD. Many of the symptoms are part of the bodys normal response to stress, but having them does not mean that you have PTSD.?? There are specific requirements that must be met for a diagnosis of PTSD. These requirements are outlined in the  5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Causes and Risk Factors of PTSD DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD Criterion A: Stressor Exposure or threat of death, serious injury, or sexual violence in one or more of the following ways:?? You directly experienced the event.You witnessed the event happen to someone else, in person.You learned of a close relative or close friend who experienced  an actual or threatened accidental or violent death.You had repeated indirect exposure to distressing details of the event(s). This could occur in the course of professional duties (first responders, collecting body parts, or professionals repeatedly exposed to details of child abuse). This does not include indirect non-professional exposure through electronic media, television, movies, or pictures. Criterion B: Intrusion Symptoms The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in one or more of the following ways:?? Recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive memories. Children older than six may express this symptom through repetitive play in which aspects of the trauma are expressed.Traumatic nightmares or upsetting dreams with content related to the event. Children may have frightening dreams without content related to the trauma.Dissociative reactions, such as flashbacks, in which it feels like the experience is happening again. These may occur on a continuum ranging from brief episodes to complete loss of consciousness. Children may re-enact the events in play.Intense or prolonged distress after exposure to traumatic reminders.Marked physiological reactivity, such as increased heart rate, after exposure to traumatic reminders. Criterion C: Avoidance Persistent effortful avoidance of distressing trauma-related reminders after the event as evidenced by one or both of the following:?? Avoidance of trauma-related thoughts or feelings.Avoidance of trauma-related external reminders, such as people, places, conversations, activities, objects, or situations. Criterion D: Negative Alterations in Mood Negative alterations in cognition and mood that began or worsened after the traumatic event as evidenced by two or more of the following:?? Inability to recall key features of the traumatic event. This is usually dissociative amnesia, not due to head injury, alcohol, or drugs.Persistent, and often distorted negative beliefs and expectations about oneself or the world, such as I am bad, or The world is completely dangerous.Persistent distorted blame of self or others for causing the traumatic event or for the resulting consequences.Persistent negative emotions, including fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame.Markedly diminished interest in activities that used to be enjoyable.Feeling alienated, detached or estranged from others.Persistent inability to experience positive emotions, such as happiness, love, and joy. Criterion E: Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity Trauma-related alterations in arousal and reactivity that began or worsened after the traumatic event, including two or more of the following:?? Irritable or aggressive behaviorSelf-destructive or reckless behaviorFeeling constantly on guard or like danger is lurking around every corner (hypervigilance)Exaggerated startle responseProblems in concentrationSleep disturbance Criterion F: Duration Persistence of symptoms in Criteria B, C, D, and E for more than one month.?? Criterion G: Functional Significance Significant symptom-related distress or impairment of different areas of life, such as social or occupational.?? Criterion H: Exclusion The disturbance is not due to medication, substance use, or other illness.?? DSM-5 PTSD Diagnosis In order to be diagnosed with PTSD according to the DSM-5, you need to meet the following:Criterion AOne symptom or more from Criterion BOne symptom or more from Criterion CTwo symptoms or more from Criterion DTwo symptoms or more from Criterion ECriterion FCriterion GCriterion H Changes in Diagnostic Criteria There are a few changes in the latest version of the DSM regarding PTSD diagnosis.?? Key changes include: More clearly defining what kind of events are considered traumatic in Criterion AAdding a fourth type of exposure in Criterion AIncreasing the number of symptom groups from three to four by separating avoidance symptoms into their own group (Criterion C)Increasing the number of symptoms from 17 to 20Changing the wording of some of the symptoms from DSM-IVAdding a new set of criteria for children aged 6 or youngerEliminating the acute and chronic specifiersIntroducing a new specifier with dissociative symptoms The biggest change in the DSM-5 is removing PTSD from the category of anxiety disorders and putting it in a classification called Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders. You can review the rationale behind these changes, as well as look at other changes in the DSM-5, at the website for the  American Psychiatric Association  (APA). Other Diagnostic Tools In addition to using the DSM-5 manual to assess for PTSD criteria, a medical professional will likely want to complete a physical examination to check for medical problems that could be contributing to or causing symptoms. A psychological evaluation is likely to be recommended, which allows for you to openly discuss with your provider some of the events that have led to you experiencing these symptoms. During this evaluation, you would share with a provider signs and symptoms youre experiencing, as well as the duration and level of intensity of those signs.?? This collective information can help medical providers and mental health professionals gain an understanding of your treatment needs and provide you with an appropriate level of care. When to See a Professional The debilitating symptoms of PTSD can make living, working, and interacting difficult. In fact, many people struggling with post traumatic stress disorder can turn to unhealthy coping skills like substance abuse or self-harm in an attempt to minimize or escape from their emotional distress. If you have been experiencing symptoms for longer than a month,?? it could be helpful for you to talk with a professional. When you are dealing with nightmares, flashbacks, and a negative outlook about yourself and others, it can begin to feel like things will never change. Finding a qualified professional to help can make all the difference, bringing back hope through the sharing of your experiences and helping you learn healthy, effective ways of coping. PTSD Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Time Doesnt Always Help Sometimes after a traumatic experience, people believe that their symptoms will eventually go away over time. This eventual lessening of distressing symptoms can happen for some peopleâ€"but not for everyone. You may experience symptoms long after the traumatic event has taken place, making it difficult to associate your symptoms with PTSD. Even if months or years have passed, it can be helpful for you to speak with a qualified professional to gain an accurate understanding of what is happening for you and be connected with appropriate resources that can help you regain your quality of life. Related Conditions Although the hallmark of post-traumatic stress disorder is having experienced or witnessed a traumatic event, there are a variety of distressing symptoms that someone with PTSD will experience after the event. Understanding that some of these symptoms may overlap with other mental health conditions, it is important that a thorough evaluation is done to make sure the diagnosis of PTSD is accurate. Other conditions that could be discussed or explored with your health care provider, due to the symptoms you might be experiencing, could include things like:?? Obsessive-compulsive disorderAcute stress disorderAdjustment disorderPanic disorderGeneralized anxiety disorderMajor depressionSubstance abuseEating disorders Again, because some of the distressing symptoms can overlap a bit with other mental health conditions, it is important to talk with a qualified professional to make sure you receive an accurate diagnosis and are provided with appropriate resources for care and treatment. Being honest and open with your provider about the symptoms you have been experiencing is critical to helping them understand what is happening for you and to establish the right path for your healing. The Best Online Therapy Programs

The History of Early Fireworks, Rockets and Weapons of War

Respect for Children Stop Bullying in Schools Essay

The human race is connected to this earth. Humans, being part of nature, need to nurture the life of, and on, this planet. With this in mind, a prerequisite for society should incorporate the comprehension of, respect for human life. Parents and family are the key sources to supply lessons in respect for humanity, and schools are equally important, as the key secondary source. Although many people think the core curriculum is rigorous enough for students, the basic four classes in math, language, history, and science are not enough for children to function fully, or adequately, as conscientious and considerate member of society. Thus, parents and members of the community must bring this vital undertaking of social acceptance to†¦show more content†¦Parents take many measures protecting their children from infancy through adulthood. For example, parents scrutinize over which schools to send their children to, by evaluating the educational philosophies, academia, cleanli ness, safety, and number of children per classroom. Unfortunately, the safety needs of children in schools are not being met. According to Bullyingstatistics.org, â€Å"There are about 160,000 children that miss school every day out of fear of being bullied.† (Bullyingstatistics.org) Bullying is socially, emotionally, and psychologically destructive. Bullying leads to undue stress on children, and detracts from the learning process. In fact, studies show that schools and community involvement is necessary for preventing, and stopping bullying tactics. Therefore, society must step in and campaign for the core curriculum to include classes teaching respect for all life. Death and suicide are possible results of bullying. Suicide related to bullying has occurred in children from grade school through college, with the youngest reported at six years old. Similar to the Columbine High School massacre, where murder and suicide due to bullying were combined, has occurred in many other high schools and colleges. According to statistics from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, â€Å"For youth between the ages of 10 and 24, suicide is the third leading cause of death. ItShow MoreRelatedSocial Medi Not So Ideal? Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the article Bullying Statistics, â€Å"19.6% of high school students in the US report being bullied at school and 14.8% report being bullied online† (â€Å"Bullying Statistics†). Children of all ages are now involved with so much technology and social media that it has become a problem in society. Instead of using social media and technology for good and fun, children are now using it to bully others. 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Favorite Time of Year Free Essays

A Little Christmas Dinner Christmas is the time of year renowned for bringing families together in a way no other holiday can quite muster up to. Family togetherness feels like a cup of hot chocolate on the first cold night of the year; heart warming. That magical day when relatives flock from all over to be in one house, at one table, and to eat one meal, nothing is more special than a little Christmas dinner. We will write a custom essay sample on Favorite Time of Year or any similar topic only for you Order Now Christmas is known for coming quicker and quicker each passing year. Many people begin to silently panic as soon as they hear the first Christmas song on the radio. To me it strikes into my head that our yearly family Christmas dinner is ever so close. As a child I enjoyed the Christmas dinner but not for the wholesome heart warming reasons that echo through my words now, but for the greedy natured presents. Admittedly the presents still are a highlight of the Christmas dinner, but after a few seasoned years of learning that Christmas is not about materialistic items I now feel that the Christmas dinner is the best part of this day. Every year we have the dinner at my grand parent’s quant house in the country. It takes a few hours to get there, but the country ride is more mesmerizing than any movie that I have ever seen. The twists and turns on a single lane road surrounded by tree’s help set the tone for what the day will bring. Every year I am always the first one there to help my grandparents to set up. The first thing I always remember to do is hug each one of them for as long as I can, thankful for another year to take in their open arms. After the greetings I always help Grandpa with the yard, raking up the final of the fall leaves and stringing up a few lights on top of the house because the little cousins always look forward to it. Grandpa is a hard working man that refuses to retire and knows his best working days are behind him. It seemed like yesterday all of this work he could have done with his eyes closed. Knowing how much sense of pride he gets on his hard work and watching him stand there helpless unable to do any of the work reminds me cherish the moments we have together. Soon Grandpa would be too tired to do much more and I would hustle back into the house to find Grandma hard at work. She has just as much work ethic as Grandpa but is ten years younger so she still has that fire that seems to burn deep in all of the Little family. She is hustling away baking cakes and cooking the ham. Watching how hard she works gives me a greater sense of joy than any present that I could possibly receive on this day. The other family members begin to arrive group by group. The food is still not done and the cake still needs to be frosted, but I believe Grandma sets it up like that so my four and five year old cousins can lick the spoon. Everyone pitches in to help on the final sides and setting the table while having casual conversation. And just as fast as Christmas seemed to come it was time to sit down and enjoy the famous Little Christmas Dinner. We all gather around the large mahogany table and join hands and pray. My Grandpa always leads us into a wonderful prayer that always seems to summarize how we as a family feel. After the prayer we all line up from youngest to oldest to gather a plate load of the best food we will have the rest of year. Everyone hurry’s to get a big helping of Grandma’s mashed potatoes because she always seems to never cook enough. After we have all placed as much food that our little styrofoam plates can handle the food disappears almost as quickly as it was put on the plate. As soon as the food seems to settle into everyone’s system that is when the true Christmas spirit seems to have hit. The joy on everyone’s face echoes my sentiments that this Little Christmas Dinner is what life is truly about. How to cite Favorite Time of Year, Essays

To what extent can preparedness and planning mitigate the effects of tropical revolving storms free essay sample

A tropical revolving storm is a term that covers hurricanes, tropical cyclones, typhoons and willy-willies. These intense low-pressure weather systems are associated with catastrophic wind speeds averaging at 120kmph and torrential rainfall. Tropical revolving storms are huge and extremely violent extending to about 500km in diameter. They occur in the tropics and the sub-tropics and form over the oceans where sea surface temperatures are above 27’C. Tropical storms are natural hazards, a natural event brought about by weather or climate that threatens life and property, and therefore cannot be prevented, however there are methods that can mitigate the impacts. The effects of these storms can be devastating. Examples of major natural disasters caused by these storms are Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and Tropical Cyclone Nargis in 2008 and two methods that are helping to mitigate the effects of tropical revolving storms in the future are preparedness and planning. The impacts can vary in severity due to a range of human and physical factors. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent can preparedness and planning mitigate the effects of tropical revolving storms or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Human factors include how urbanised the area affected is, as built up cities tend to have impermeable surfaces which increases run-off and therefore worsens the floods that occur. Torrential rain and flooding, along with storm surges and strong winds, are all hazards posed by tropical revolving storms. These hazards, similar to the storm, are inevitable and cannot be stopped from occurring but methods can take place to try and reduce the impacts. Physical factors are out of our control. The size of the storm affects how widespread the impacts are, as well as the duration of the storm and the intensity of the storm, also affecting certain areas. Preparation and preparedness are not the only methods that can be carried out. Monitoring and forecasting with the use of satellites and radar create computer models based on historical data to predict the path of a storm. This in turn will help the country be prepared due to them having more time to react to the news. Structural approaches may also be necessary to protect coastal areas. Preparedness includes the education of populations. People need to know the dangers and what they can do to avoid them. In Florida, evacuation routes have been prepared and cyclone shelters are clearly signed and posted. Planning includes land-use planning. This regulation is used to reduce the vulnerability of people and property so for example, only low value land uses (recreational) can occupy coastal strips, the areas most vulnerable to a storm. In Northeast Florida, coastal properties have been rallied above the ground on stilts and have non-residential functions on the ground (storage). This means that hazards like the storm surges do not impact the people and less damage occurs to infrastructure. Warning systems put in place to predict incoming storms inform the public about them. This is linked with the effectiveness of the government and how developed the country is. A less developed country is less likely to have the money to be able to afford such technology and equipment meaning that no matter what form of planning or preparedness occurs, mitigation is less likely to be achieved. More developed countries have the money to install advanced technology and equipment to ensure that their population can be warned meaning that lives can be saved. In late August 2005, Hurricane Katrina swept onto the coast of Louisiana with winds of over 160km per hour. A deadly storm surge flooded 80% of the city of New Orleans leaving an area the size of the UK lying as waste. Over 1500 people were killed and the financial cost of the damage exceeded ? 50billion, making it the costliest hurricane in US history. The impacts affected everything and everyone, especially the poorer neighbourhoods with high rates of unemployment and a high proportion of people renting their homes. Many of these people didn’t have home insurance or the money to return and rebuild. The impacts have affected Louisiana on a larger scale also as dramatic population changes have occurred. The population has fallen by 8. 4% in the aftermath of the hurricanes due to 460,000 people leaving New Orleans. In response to some of these impacts, local planners have called for the lowest-lying areas, including the Lower 9th Ward where hundreds died in New Orleans, to be used as parkland. These green spaces would serve as buffers against future floodwaters and therefore prevent many of the impacts that occurred in 2005. This form of planning would help to mitigate some of the impacts but probably not by much. Hard engineering was used to repair and improve the levees to prevent future breaching. Bangladesh suffers from the most destructive cyclones in the world. The country has a funnel-shaped coast at the northern tip of the Bay of Bengal and an offshore shelf, making it vulnerable to tropical cyclones and storm surges. As many as 10% of the world’s tropical storm develop in the Bay of Bengal including the fiercest killer cyclone that hit Bangladesh on the 12th of November 1970. The storm caused the death of 500,000 people and a cost $1billion in property damage. Another powerful cyclone hit in 1991 killing another 138,000 people. In response to these deadly events, a number of initiatives were introduced. Tropical cyclones are now monitored, with warnings issued over the television, radio and Internet, a form of preparedness. The Bangladesh Meteorological Department issues two types of storm-waning signals to warn people to take steps to save their lives and property. Before 1991, cyclone-warning systems were unreliable but now, signals are passed on through volunteers of the Cyclone Preparedness Programme of the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society as well as through radio and television as mentioned earlier. In remote village communities, designated warden’s help to spread the warnings and guide people to safety. A form of planning includes the construction of concrete cyclone shelters to provide a safe refuge for people threatened by flooding. These shelters, often raised up on stilts, serve as schools or community centres at other times. All of these methods will mitigate the impacts quite significantly and this was seen in 2003, when another cyclone struck Bangladesh. Despite killing 3000 people, Cyclone Sidr had a greatly reduced impact due to these initiatives being adopted by the government. Cyclone shelters have also been constructed in Burma, Southeast Asia, after Cyclone Nargis hit in May 2008. Charities, including Care International, have become involved and are helping to build wooden houses that are raised on stilts. This means that when storm surges accompany the cyclone, they can pass under properties reducing the damage. Construction is a form of planning and because it is hard engineering, it is likely to have a more significant impact in terms of mitigating the effects of tropical revolving storms. To conclude, due to the nature of revolving tropical storms and the fact that they are natural hazards, they cannot be prevented. However, various methods, taking the form of planning and preparedness, can help to reduce the impacts. The extent to which these methods help, depends on where they are occurring and in what form. Planning and preparedness have a more significant impact on more developed countries as they have money to ensure that these methods are enforced and sufficient. They also have a much more aware and education population meaning that mitigation of the impacts caused by tropical revolving storms is significant.

The history of Eastern Europe essays

The history of Eastern Europe essays 1. The dominant civilization at the time was the Roman Empire. 2. Western Europe was right behind the Roman Empire in civilization. 3. With the fall of the Roman Empire, Western civilization fell. 1. Western Europe began to slit in to seperate counries. 2. Less people used Latin as a form of communication. 3. This made international communication difficult. 4. Many different languages emerged. 5. Christianity split up with the rise of Protestantism. A. There were lees religeous wars. B. The last religeous war was in 1648 (The 30 yrs. war) 2) Approxmiatley 1/3 of the population perished. In the early 1830's Faraday discovered the relationship between electricity and magnetism This allowed for the abilit yot generate electrcity Samuel Morse developed the telegraph By the late 1800's radios and x-rays were developed Scientists discovered that there were such things as elements Pastuer discovered what bacteria were Charles Darwin worked out the relationship between the species He came up with the theory of evolution and Natural Selection In France Napoleon III harnesses Nationalism as a motivator tio get thim elected as president. THis of course worksmand the people later grant him the status of Emperror. TO make the people happy he held frequent votes in the National Assembly but kept little power with them Garribaldi holds a revolution and conqueres the southern parts of Itlay then just hands them over to Cavour Bismark was running the governemnt for the King HE was a conservative Aristcrat and hated the idea of a democracy Prussia wars with the Danes, Austria and France and wins them all This brings the people of Germany together and they unite under Nationalism GErmany becomes the strongest power in Europe "Absolutist" Governments in the seventeenth century 1. Previous kings had more restrictions. 2. The church had separate power then the government. 3. Th...

Alice Lloyd College Admissions - ACT Scores, Tuition...

Alice Lloyd College Admissions - ACT Scores, Tuition... Alice Lloyd College Admissions Overview: Alice Lloyd College had an acceptance rate of 22 percent in 2016, but  the actual admission bar isnt overly high. Admitted students tend to have average ACT or SAT scores and grades in the A and B range. The admission process, however, is holistic and involves much more than numerical measures. As a work college with an extremely low price tag, Alice Lloyd looks for students who will be a good match for the college and who will benefit from the experience. For this reason, all applicants must schedule an interview with an admissions counselor, and visiting the campus for a tour is highly recommended.   Admissions Data (2016): Alice Lloyd College Acceptance Rate: 22 percentTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 440 / 590SAT Math: 470 / 540What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 18  / 25ACT English: 17  / 25ACT Math: 16 / 23What these ACT numbers mean Alice Lloyd College Description: Alice Lloyd College is a small liberal arts college located in Pippa Passes, Kentucky. It is also one of seven recognized  American work colleges, meaning that students are employed in the college’s work-study program on campus or with an off-campus outreach project as a way to gain work experience and to partially pay their tuition. Students at Alice Lloyd College are required to complete at least 160 hours of work per semester. The remote campus is situated on 175 acres in the hills of eastern Kentucky, a few hours southeast of Lexington. Academics are strong and leadership-driven, supported by the college’s work program. Students can choose from 14 liberal arts majors, including popular programs in biology, business administration and elementary education. The college is located in Knott County, which is a dry county, so alcohol is prohibited on campus. The Alice Lloyd College Eagles compete in the Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletic Conference of the NAIA. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 605  (all undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45 percent male / 55 percent female95  percent full-time Costs (2016 - 17): Tuition and Fees: $11,550Books: $1,400 (why so much?)Room and Board: $6,240Other Expenses: $5,100Total Cost: $24,290 Alice Lloyd College Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 99 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 99 percentLoans: 65 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $8,832Loans: $4,244 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Biology, Business Administration, Elementary Education, Social Sciences, History, English Literature, Sociology, Exercise Science Retention and Graduation Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 84 percentTransfer-out Rate: 20 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 27 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 31 percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Golf, Basketball, Baseball, Tennis, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Basketball, Track and Field, Volleyball, Cross Country, Tennis, Softball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Alice Lloyd College, You May Also Like These Schools: For students that might be interested in another work college, other recognized schools include  Berea College,  Warren Wilson College,  Blackburn College,  Ecclesia College, and the College of the Ozarks. If youre looking for a small school (around or less than 1,000 students) in Kentucky, Transylvania University, Georgetown College, and Kentucky Wesleyan College are all great choices. And all three of these schools are largely accessible, with at least two-thirds of applicants accepted each year. Alice Lloyd College Mission Statement: mission statement from alc.edu/about-us/our-mission/ The mission of Alice Lloyd College is to educate mountain people for positions of leadership by Making an Alice Lloyd College education available to qualified mountain students regardless of their financial situation.Offering a high quality academic program, emphasizing the liberal arts.Promoting the work ethic through a self-help Student Work Program in which all full-time students participate.Providing an atmosphere in which Christian values are maintained, encouraging high personal standards, and the development of character.Serving the community and region through appropriate outreach programs which utilize mountain people helping mountain people.Assisting deserving students in obtaining advanced study beyond their program at Alice Lloyd.Producing leaders for Appalachia who possess high moral and ethical values, an attitude of self-reliance, and a sense of service to others.

Youth Violence In Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Youth Violence In Schools - Essay Example en all the basic necessities in their lives including good foundation for their social and emotional needs (Haapasalo & Pokela, 1999; Goldhagen & Lansdown, 2008). It is also important to consider that without this proper care, there is a great absence of providing other needs that children can use when they grow as young adults. The young adults face different situations in their lives including different problems. One of these is youth violence in school. Youth violence is a prevalent issue in the world. However, this issue is highly integrated not just within school premises, but inside home. Thus, youth violence in school is a problem in the society that starts from home. Youth violence in school is a problem in the society that starts from home because it is a place that has become an integral part of one’s life where values, characters and personalities are formed (Harden & Whittaker, 2011). In there, there are parents who always have the chance to influence their children. It is their obligations to show to their children the good values, characters and personalities to live by. Failure of these parents to show these will usually result to undesirable expectations. In most of the time, children are always blamed about their being foolish or hard headed when in fact; the bottom line of it all is the failure of parents to show good influence at home. In the same way, young adults usually find themselves blamed about their own actions when in fact, the very foundation of the problem starts from the kind of influence they receive at home from their parents. Youth violence is a problem that starts from home because it depends on the level of communication parents invest in their children’s lives. Aside from setting a good influence of parents for their children, it is tested and proven that a good communication between them would also work out. Children who receive constant communication with their parents have many things to learn (Tates & Meeuwesen, 2000).

International trade, economic integration and international marketing Essay

International trade, economic integration and international marketing - Essay Example Today a large number of organizations carry out international marketing campaigns. This saves considerable costs as well as drives a global message. This has been supported by the use of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter for marketing which absolutely remove the international communication barriers. However, there are also several cultural impacts of international marketing. Either a firm has to adapt itself to the culture of the various international markets or it has to make sure that the consumers worldwide are able to connect to its marketing tools. When Chevrolet launched Chevy Nova in Mexico, it was rejected because of a negative meaning in the Spanish language. The same was the case with American Motors’ Matador. Therefore, it is important to respect the culture and language of the target countries in order to make a cultural impact on them. 3. Political and Financial risks in international marketing There are considerable risks in international marke ting especially in emerging economies. The economic scenario and performance in such countries is highly unpredictable. Therefore, a company may actually spend millions of dollars in its marketing efforts but its products may simply fail because of external economic factors not under its control. Thus, market research becomes extremely important for marketing in international markets. The financial risks in international marketing & operations are also dependent upon the level of control of a firm. Therefore, a firm involved only in exporting goods or services has the minimum risk from that point of view. The barriers would be less and so will be the sunk costs. However, the low degree of control may impact effectiveness of marketing. If a firm is in joint venture with... This essay stresses that market research becomes extremely important for marketing in international markets. The financial risks in international marketing and operations are also dependent upon the level of control of a firm. A firm involved only in exporting goods or services has the minimum risk from that point of view. The barriers would be less and so will be the sunk costs. The low degree of control may impact the effectiveness of marketing. If a firm is a joint venture with a local firm, the risk increases. The risk is maximum in case of direct investment by a firm in the international markets.Strategic marketing planning deals with the overall direction of the business in line with marketing. It is the role of marketing to establish links between the business and the customers. Firms use various strategies to enter international markets. One of them is the technical innovation strategy where they exhibit technically superior products as compared to competitors in internationa l markets. Other firms may prefer a product adaptation strategy where only modifications and upgrades are made to existing products and services.This paper makes a conclusion that some firms follow availability and security strategy for entry into international markets. They do this by designing an efficient supply chain and transportation network. Many firms also follow a low pricing strategy where the aim is to penetrate the market as early as possible. Lastly, a firm may completely copy an existing product for conformity to acceptable standards.

Blessing’ by Imtiaz Darker and Presents From Pakistan by Moniza Alva :: English Literature

Blessing’ by Imtiaz Darker and Presents From Pakistan by Moniza Alva. The two poems are similar because they both give a different view about culture and religion. The two poems are about southwest Asian Comparison – ‘Blessing’ vs. ‘Presents From Pakistan’ I am going to compare 2 poems, which are called ‘Blessing’ by Imtiaz Darker and ‘Presents From Pakistan’ by Moniza Alva. The two poems are similar because they both give a different view about culture and religion. The two poems are about southwest Asian countries. The poets are also linked with the countries. I know this because of their names therefore their parents or relative can be from Pakistan or India. The poet’s show how they feel about other countries and hoe it affects them and their culture. Culture can be made up in different ways. Some religions like Islam on allow Muslims to enter Saudi Arabia. This makes up a religious culture. Some people live by their race or ethnicity like in north Europe many people like to live with people from there and people who are the same colour as them. In some countries some people don’t mind, they just live with a normal life style in their own world. In central Africa the majority of people live with a similar culture but t they are differed because of the languages spoken. I am going to explore the elements of the poems, to see how they go along with cultures and how they give us an insight to other culture. First of all the poem blessing is a poem that shows the feeling of someone seeing some villagers suffer because there is no water for them near by. He describes what it is to be like there and how the people feel. He also shows that the water is very precious to them. He says that a few drops of water are like money that can by a chocolate bar. He also says that it’s a gift from god, he explains why it is so pecous because the women have to walk miles to get to a rive or a well and they also have a big heavy pot on their heads. In addition ‘p.f.pk’ has a similar view but it shows how the narrator feels about herself and how her culture is affecting her lifestyle. She receives some of the finest clothes and jewellery from her relatives in Pakistan The narrator describes the gifts she receives from Pakistan as being very beautiful, but she doesn’t feel comfortable wearing them because she’s too modern and English. In the

Life of Pi Thesis Essay

In the novel Life of Pi, Yann Martel uses indirect characterization to portray how the harshest elements can bring out the most primal instincts in man, and the unexpected cooperation in the most primal of animals. This is used to symbolize the close similarities in the behavior of man and animal, although seemingly worlds apart at first glace. It is a constant switch between Pi’s thoughts and Pi’s actions that is needed to extend this characterization to the fullest. Martel does this by showing Pi’s religious and peaceful vegetarian personality in the beginning of the novel; one that wouldn’t even drink milk because it came from an animal. Yet when the time comes to survive he shows much less compassionate actions, one fueled by starvation and the will to live. This characterization wouldn’t have been fully accomplished in the readers’ mind without strong imagery as well. The relentless sun cast over the lifeboat along with the deep blue unforgiving sea is able to help the reader envision the intense wear down of Pi’s outer shell and revealing his inner primal core. Martel uses imagery to compliment the characterization of the tiger Richard Parker as well. The ferocity wouldn’t be nearly as fervent without the image of a 450 pound Bengal tiger with a vigorous orange coat complemented with striking black stripes. These characteristics will drag the reader to a higher level of interest than a basic description alone, as well as a better understanding of the tiger’s sheer strength and beauty. Pi was afraid of Richard Parker more than anything else in the beginning of his voyage through the ocean, for it was the only thing he had known to be afraid of. His entire life had been serene, only being warned of the dangerousness of animals while tending the zoo. These emotions only lasted as long as his food rations, for quickly he realized he wasn’t going to live if he spent all of his time watching out for the tiger. It was then that his personality begun to change. His animal instincts had begun to show when he killed his first fish with his bare hands and ate it raw; a feat he would not have dared to do prior in his lifetime even if the fish had been cooked. This instinct had also created safety from Richard Parker. Richard Parker could have easily killed Pi at any time, but Pi began to show a superiority that kept the tiger from attacking. It was superiority stronger than that of physical characteristics. In the tiger’s mind, Pi was the alpha male of the  boat, regardless of Pi’s size. This was the key element in both of their survivals. Without the constant will to find enough food for both himself and the tiger in fear that the tiger would grow desperate and eat him out of hunger, and the dominance Pi wielded that kept Richard Parker from attacking his only food source, neither would have survived. Nature often plays a key role in any novel dealing with survival. Any method of survival is in adaptation to nature. Without adaptation, there is no survival, and without nature, there is no adaptation. It is the key element in that which is living. However, it is the element of nature that made Pi and the tiger’s struggle to survive even more of a challenge. Bengal tigers as well as young boys do not normally live out in the middle of the ocean, so it is likely that both would have a struggle to survive in their unfamiliar surroundings. Not only do the extremities of nature have a great strain on physical strength, but on mental strength as well. Even the smallest things become torture in large doses. Pi had more trouble with the lengthy sunlight than the occasional rain storm. Although the rainstorm could capsize his lifeboat in one quick wave, it would have been done and over with. The prolonged brightness and intensity of the sun however, could capsize his mind, which is a much more torturous death. Once Pi has landed on the shore of Mexico and rescued, he no longer needs to struggle to survive, nor does the tiger need to depend on Pi for survival. It is then that both animals part and adapt to their new environments yet again. Pi returns to the peaceful vegetarian, and Richard Parker becomes an independent hunter. This indicates that it is the outside surroundings that will often change characteristics of the actions of an animal, but will not change their true personality. Although Pi and Richard Parker changed their behavior in order to survive, they kept their same basic personalities throughout the journey. This shows that although man and animal may seem different in many ways, in the end they are both geared for survival, and although they change their actions quite often to adapt to their outside surroundings, their true selves are unchangeable.

The Benefits of Offshore Outsourcing Essay - 974 Words

If offshore outsourcing has such a negative impact on the economy, then why are businesses practicing it? Is it just because of greed? Actually, offshore outsourcing can promote economic growth in some ways. First off, what exactly is offshore outsourcing? Simply put, offshore outsourcing is a business tactic where a company sends a part of their service to another country to be run by a different company. Offshore outsourcing has been seen as a negative business tactic. However, it affects the economy in some positive ways, such as it fuels business competition, it helps business growth, and it opens up new and different types of jobs. One effect of companies’ use of offshore outsourcing is that it fuels business competition,†¦show more content†¦Another effect of offshore outsourcing is that it encourages business growth. Business growth occurs because resources are freed up to be used to improve the company’s products or services. John Miller writes that the only difference between American workers and offshore workers is that the offshore workers get paid much less (Miller). If an employer can save money by using offshore outsourcing then it is beneficial to do so because it leads to business growth. Like Miller, others might say that all businesses gain from offshore outsourcing is labor savings. However, labor savings is far from the only way that businesses benefit from offshore outsourcing. Pete Engardio, Michael Arndt, and Dean Foust claim that by using offshore outsourcing businesses are increasing in areas of quality, productivity, efficiency, and profit (Arndt, Engardio, Foust ). This is important because it encourages the consumer to keep buying those businesses products or services. Business growth is an important effect of offshore outsourcing, because it brings about improvement in business function and provides cheaper and better products or services to the consumer. 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Gelato Cheese Company Are They in Compliance with the...

Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to consider whether or not Gelato Cheese Company should make any changes in order to be in compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). This paper will discuss the definition of Title VII, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and its application in employment decisions. In order to be employed at Gelato Cheese Company for its cleaning crew, it is required that you have a high school diploma/ or GED equivalent and at the present moment, the company whole cleaning crew is under the age of 30 and white. The case Gelato Cheese Company is a company that is a processor of cheese and it is sold throughout the United States, the†¦show more content†¦The reason why the Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies is because it has 100 employees in its cheese processing plant, which is above the minimum that is required for the Act to apply. The Gelato Company is involved in discrimination due to the fact that they hired an entire white cleaning crew, ignoring the fact that 25% of the minority that lives in Heartland Corners has a high school diploma, therefore showing that Gelato’s employment practice is extremely discriminatory and base their hiring of employees strictly on the race of the individuals. Age Discrimination in Employment Act â€Å"The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibited employers from discriminating against individuals who were 40-65 years old. The Act pertains to employers who have 20 or more employees for 20 or more calendar weeks(either in the current or preceding calendar year); unions with 25 or more members; employment agencies; and federal, state, and local government subunits†(Mondy, Wayne 2010 pg.62,63). Gelato Cheese Company’s entire cleaning crew is under the age of 30 and that makes them not in compliance with the Age Discrimination in Employment Act law. There are some major changes that need to be made at this company in order for them to not have law suits filed againstShow MoreRelatedMgt 515 Case 1 Gelato Eeo and Hrm2184 Words   |  9 PagesManagement 516 Module1 Case Study: Gelato EEO and HRM 2013 Professor: INTRODUCTION Companies operating in the United States need to be in compliant with Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) regulations. There are many laws that are governed by EEOC regulations but in this paper, I will review Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). I will apply these two laws to the Gelato company hiring practice operating out of Heartland

Why Math Is Important For Teaching Mathematics And How...

Math Philosophy Paper Math is developing concepts or standards that’s important for teaching mathematics to students from Pre-K to high school. In our changing world, those who understand and can do mathematics will have significant opportunities and options for shaping their future. (NCTM 2000, p.50). The two important tools to be an effective teacher is knowledge of mathematics and how students learn mathematics. The purposes of math education effect our life since the time we were able to walk. We were taught how to count on our fingers to being able to write our numbers to ten. Then as we got older, concepts were more challenging and involved critical thinking to solve the problems. In society today, math is being utilized in simple to complex avenues such as grocery shopping, measuring, budgeting, investments, architecture, science and technology to name a few. 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Almost all daily activities include some form of mathematical procedure, whetherRead MoreThe Understanding Of Reading Comprehension1501 Words   |  7 Pagescomprehension is to teach reading to students acquire reading skills to become independent learners. The strategies of teaching will be used to help students achieve their reading goals. In areas such as mathematics, developing teacher content knowledge has been a major concern because it is ge nerally accepted that teachers who know these subjects are better able to teach them. As teachers, we need to research strategies that can be used to teach students how to read in every content area. 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Fish Oil Health Benefits Free Essays

Fish oil health benefits are exaggerated, says a new study appearing in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. And yet, it warns, increased consumer demand for fish oil is pushing fish populations to the brink. Medical scientists from St. We will write a custom essay sample on Fish Oil Health Benefits or any similar topic only for you Order Now Michael’s Hospital and the University of Toronto have teamed with researchers from the University of British Columbia’s Fisheries Centre and author Farley Mowat to closely examine the effects of health claims with regard to seafood. For years, international agencies concerned with health and nutrition have promoted seafood consumption. â€Å"Our concern is that fish stocks are under extreme pressure globally and that studies are still urgently required to define precisely who will benefit from fish oil,† says Dr. David J. A. Jenkins, a doctor at St. Michael’s Hospital and a professor at the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine’s Department of Nutritional Sciences. Further, if we decide that fish oil supplementation is necessary for good health, then unicellular sources of ‘fish oil’ like algae, yeasts, etc, should now be used, as they are in infant formula,† adds Dr. Jenkins. While some studies have reported fish oil health benefits healthy benefits, others have failed to show a significant effect. But these negative studies are often ignored and the result has been increased demand for seafood by consumers in the developed world, often at the expense of food security in developing nations. Governments and industry tell consumers to eat more fish because it is healthy,† explains Rashid Sumaila, director of the Fisheries Economics Research Unit at UBC Fisheries Centre and study co-author. â€Å"But where do we get these fish? They are increasingly coming from the waters around Africa and other places where food security is a problem. † At best, fish oils are just one factor out of many that may reduce ailments such as heart disease and researchers found that people who do not eat fish, such as vegetarians, are not at increased risk of illness. Furthermore, dietary recommendations to consume more fish are incompatible with the sustainability of ocean ecosystems, according to a concurrent study recently published in the International Journal of Epidemiology. â€Å"For people in Canada or the US, or in the EU, eating fish is one of many possible options, both in terms of a tasty meal, and in terms of a balanced diet,† says UBC fisheries researcher Daniel Pauly. â€Å"For many people in developing countries, fish is often their only source of protein. It would be irresponsible for us to ‘triage’ food sources without verifying that fish oil indeed promotes human health. † Farley Mowat, co-author on this study, adds: â€Å"In the immediate future, human beings are going to have to find better ways to live. Our rape and pillage of the environment has to end before it becomes our end. The damage we have already done to life in the oceans is a prime example of our idiocy, and a last warning that we had better change our ways. â€Å" How to cite Fish Oil Health Benefits, Essay examples

Organizational Commitment in Plantation †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Commitment in Plantation. Answer: Introduction: Every individual has his own needs and wants and they have a different attitude and behavior to achieve those needs and wants. An organization is a group of individuals who work together for achieving a goal. Thus, it is important to diagnose human behavior in an organization because it impacts the organizational effectiveness (Frederick, 2014). Organisation behavior can be defined as the systematic study of actions and attitudes of people that they demonstrate within an organizational setting. Organisational behavior basically focuses on two aspects behavior that humans demonstrate in the workplace. The other argument describes the organizational behavior as the field of study. To understand organizational behavior researchers can imply RED analysis i.e., recognize, explain and develop. This approach involves recognizing the areas that require concern, explaining the implications of each type of behavior in short-term and long term and the last is to develop practices and policies f or positive organizational behavior that help the organization to flourish (Kaifi, and Noori, 2011). It was clear in the definition that attitude is the key element for any kind of behavior. Attitude is nothing but a hypothetical construct. It represents the individuals like or dislikes for a certain thing (Wicker, 2010). In other words, attitude can be defined as a set of values beliefs and opinions that individual holds or develops over a particular thing. Attitude is either positive or negative. Attitude is an important element influencing behavior at individual, group and organizational level. Basic factors in a workplace that hold potential to influence the behavior of the individual group and organizational level are job satisfaction, job security, trust among group members and knowledge sharing and organizational commitment. Job satisfaction can be defined as the set of feelings that an individual holds for his job. Job satisfaction is directly linked to workplace turnover, life satisfaction, and job performance. Therefore it is the most important aspect influencing the behav ior. Job security can be defined as the sense of assurance that an individual holds towards his job. This assurance provides him the feeling of being shielded. It is important to have a high degree of assurance for a positive behavior (Susan, 2017). The important element at the group level is trust among group members and knowledge sharing. Today knowledge is considered as power. Therefore in the highly competitive atmosphere, there is an inverse relationship between knowledge sharing intention and degree of competition. Knowledge sharing in an organization can be facilitated through trust among the team members (Hassandoust, Logeswaran, and Farzaneh, 2011). Organizational commitment can be defined as the degree that demonstrates the devotion of employee towards an organization. Attitude towards organizational commitment describes whether employees improve their performance or will leave their jobs (Chung-Chieh, and Chen, 2013). Attitude regarding organization commitment predicts th e employee performance in coming future. It influences the behavior of the employee towards the work responsibilities. There are numerous theories that can be applied to organizational behavior in organizational settings. Some of these theories are theories of motivation and leadership. Many authors have given various theories on motivation. Some well-known theories of motivation are Maslows need hierarchy theory, expectancy theory, and equity theory. Maslows theory identified five need hierarchies these are physiological needs, safety needs social needs esteem needs and self-fulfillment needs. These needs are required to fulfill in a particular order (Kaur 2013). In the context of organizational behavior, these needs are the major factor that drives the individual behavior. If an organization expects a positive behavior from employees it should make sure that different levels of needs of employees are satisfied at different times. The next theory is expectancy theory. This theory was given by vroom and is focused on outcomes rather than needs. It is based on three elements Expectancy (efforts), Inst rumentality (performance) and Valence (reward) (Hsu, Shinnar, and Powell, 2014). Organizational behavior implications of this theory are management should assign equitable rewards with the jobs and employees will only choose to perform a job if they find that it will maximize their benefit. The next is equity theory this theory states that employees usually compare their jobs inputs and outcomes with others. If the employee finds that ratio equal it is perceived that equality exists. Organization behavior of the employee will be positive if the quality exists in the system. Management must take efforts to ensure transparency in the system. Leadership theories that can relate to organizational behavior are trait theory, path goal theory, contingency theory and behavioral theory of leadership. Various different leadership theories guide the leadership styles in organizational context. Every employee behavior is affected by different leadership style of their leader. A consultative or democratic style is more successful in driving out positive behavior. There are various problems that can occur in the organizational setting because of difference in behaviors, such problems can be solved with little efforts from the management. Some of the challenges faced by managers in managing the employees of different behaviors are managing workforce diversity, resolving conflicts, managing the issue of changing demographics of the workplace, workplace issues and challenges, managing cultural diversity, employee rights, and privacy. Todays organization welcomes employees from all genders, nations, race, and ethnicity. The growing diversity in the workforce also implies a difference in their behaviors. Managers need to identify and respect the differences to manage them effectively. Responding to those references positively will ensure high performance. Conflicts may arise in the organization due to contrasting behaviors these issues can be resolved if the managers intervene before worsening of the situation. Managers need to understand the persp ective of both the parties and then reach to any conclusion. One sided decision can bring negative results for employee performance (Kashyap, 2016). Recent researches have shown developments in the field of organizational behavior. The focus of researchers has shifted to the aesthetic sphere of the organization. The role of Anthropology is also given due importance. Study of leadership has also emerged as an important part of the organizational behavior study. According to some studies, leadership plays a vital role in determining the organizational behavior. It is suggested that the leadership style of manager determines the behavior of an employee at the workplace. Few studies have identified that if the leaders considerate the employees will be more committed to the organization. The research shows that improvement in the supportive and directive style of leadership can improve the organizational commitment (Mahdi, Mohd, and Almsafir, 2014). According to Lunenburg (2010), leadership is only important when substitutes are not available. When there are self-directed teams, effective reward system, autonomous groups and self-leadership there is less important for leadership. The author also states that importance of leadership can be reduced but cannot be completely eliminated (In the recent year's anthropology has become more influential for the context of organizational behavior. Anthropology has helped the researchers to develop understanding about human activities. It determines major differences between humans of different nations in the organization. Anthropology influences the field of organizational behavior to a large extent because it gives an understanding of topics such as organizational cultures, rituals, and environment. An anthropologist studies the culture from different perspectives thus helpful in identifying the organizational behavior in different cultures (Hudelson, 2004). Thus it can be seen that anthropology and leadership concepts and theories have become the basis for the study of organizational behavior. Another important concept in the field of organizational behavior is the concept of positive organizational behavior. It was given by Luthans in the year 2000 (Parent and Lovelace, 2015). This concept applies the positive human resource psychology and strengths that can be measured and developed for improving performance at todays workplace.this concept focuses on the positive side of human behavior.It focuses on strengths and psychological capabilities rather than the weakness. This concept is different because it does not an emphasis on what is wrong it emphasizes on what is good or positive. These strengths and capabilities are hope, emotional intelligence, well being, happiness, optimism etc. The above-stated developments are just a few noticeable changes in the evolution of the concept of organization behavior overall with the change in management and organizational structures the concept has also evolved. It can be concluded that organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary approach. It is a major contributing factor in organizational performance. Organisation behavior contributes to the human resource management. It recognizes, explains and develops human behavior at the workplace. Attitude is an important component in determining the behavior of an employee at the workplace. Attitude can be negative or positive. Attitude plays a vital role in determining organizational behavior at individual, group and organizational level. Job satisfaction, trust in the group members, knowledge sharing and organizational commitment are the organizational factors that influence organizational behavior. Theories from various concepts can be applied to organizational behaviors such as leadership and motivation. The concept of organizational behavior has evolved over the years. Concepts of anthropology and leadership are gaining much dominance in the field. Another noticeable development in the fiel d of organizational behavior is the concept of positive organization culture which merges positive psychology to the organization. In todays context, the challenges have increased for the organization. Knowledge of behaviors helps the organization to deal those challenges. References Chung-Chieh, L. and Chen, C.J., 2013. The relationship between employee commitment and job attitude and its effect on service quality in the tourism industry.American Journal of Industrial and Business Management,3(2), p.196. Frederick, P.R.H., 2014. Organisational Behaviour and its Role in Management of Business.Global Journal of Finance and Management,6(6), pp.563-568. Hassandoust, F., Logeswaran, R. and Farzaneh Kazerouni, M., 2011. Behavioral factors influencing virtual knowledge sharing: theory of reasoned action.Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education,3(2), pp.116-134. Hsu, D.K., Shinnar, R.S. and Powell, B.C., 2014. Expectancy theory and entrepreneurial motivation: A longitudinal examination of the role of entrepreneurship education.Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship,26(1), p.121. Hudelson, P.M., 2004. Culture and quality: an anthropological perspective, viewed on 31 August 2017 from https://academic.oup.com/intqhc/article/16/5/345/1822533/Culture-and-quality-an-aanthropological-perspective Kaifi, B.A. and Noori, S.A., 2011. Organizational ssbehavior: A study of managers, employees, and teams.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,12(1), p.88. Kashyap, D., 2016. Organizational Behaviour Issues Faced by Todays Manager, viewed on 31 August 2017 from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/organizational-behaviour/organizational-behaviour-issues-faced-by-todays-manager/63755/ Kaur, A., 2013. Maslows need hierarchy theory: Applications and criticisms.Global Journal of Management and Business Studies,3(10), pp.1061-1064. Lazaroiu, G., 2015. Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97. Lunenburg, F.C., 2010. Substitutes for Leadership Theory: Implications for University Faculty, viewed on 31 August 2017 from https://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Lunenburg,%20Fred%20C.%20Substitutes%20for%20Leadership%20Theory%20FOCUS%20V4%20N1%202010.pdf Mahdi, O.R., Mohd, E.S.B.G. and Almsafir, M.K., 2014. Empirical study on the impact of leadership behavior on organizational commitment in plantation companies in Malaysia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, pp.1076-1087. Parent, J.D. and Lovelace, K.J., 2015. The Impact of Employee Engagement and a Positive Organizational Culture on an Individuals Ability to Adapt to Organization Change. Susan, J., 2017. Organizational Change and Employees Resistance.International Journal of Innovative Knowledge Concepts,3(7). Wicker, D., 2010. Attitude is #1: An Interactive Guide to Determine the Correct Attitude in Real-life Situations. AuthorHouse.

Apec Essays - Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, APEC Peru

Apec The question is Can the Canadian government maintain its committment to globisation without comprimising its stand on human rights and why or why not? The answer is no. Canada's committment to globalization comprimises it's stands on human rights for different reasons. The main reason being APEC. The following paper will ague just that and how Apec is causing many problems in societies all over the world. APEC is a grouping of 18 economies which aims to impose a free trade zone in the Asia-Pacific region. Despite the rhetoric, there is nothing free about free trade. It is the forced changing of rules to benefit corporations at the expense of people, governments and the environment. As Joan Spero, the US Undersecretary of State for Economic Affairs said, APEC has a customer. APEC is not for governments, it is for business. Through APEC we aim to get government out of the way, opening the way for business to do business. The Termination of our Social Safety Net In theinternational market, there are cut backs made on employment insurance, welfare, education and health care are they are made under the excuse of luring investment. Any word of increasing taxes is extinguished by corporations forewarning to withdraw for a preferable business environment. Regardless of the skyrocketing profits, corporate contributions to tax revenues have plumetted from 50% in the 60's, to less than 8% today. It is suspected that it'll be sooner then later that Canada will adopt the impoverished American model - no safety net, just cold concrete. APEC has nagative effects on the Environment APEC and Free trade agreements like it, reduces international environmental standards by making the process of moving between states easier for businesses. In order for there to be compition, countries are obliged to slacken their environmental regulations to the lowest they can be by law. Canadian mining industries, which have been know as some of the bigest global polluterson the planet, have been abusing trade agreements like APEC by transfering to countries where they may operate without being disrupted by environmental protection. Free trade has already granted a ghastly amount of power to businesses, permitting them to effect government policy. The Corrotion of Human Rights Secretary of State (Asia Pacific), Raymond Chan, expresses our governments position, affirming that discussion of human rights and social development might impede progress on economic and trade issues. We give praise to and give special treatment to mass murderers such as Jiang Zemin of China andGeneral Suharto of Indonesia, when APEC pays a visit. Jiang Zemin was compliant in the Tiananmen square massacre, referring to it as much ado about nothing, and was liable for the heavy crackdown that ensued. Suharto is accountable (among other things) for the appeals from dissidents in both countries, Canada withholds their position on human rights and refuses to take a stand against it's abuses. (1) In order to save their reputation, Canadian government puts through constructive engagement. Constructive Engagement is a policy that allows the people of Canada to believe that the Canadian goverenmet is concerned with human rights, when in reality, it is business that they are really conscened with. Constructive engagement, for Canada, means voting againast or abstaining from every UN resolution condemning Indonesia's invasion of East Timor. However, we persist in the selling of weapon parts to the Indonesian military. Ultimately, Constructive engagement means we have a fatal fall back from life or death issues. (2) We should perhaps examine what's happening on our own territory, in addition to giving support to dissidents overseas. Canada and the US are recongized as profesionals in the area of maltreatment of native peoples. There's no democracy in APEC Although it's only been sice 1989 that APEC has been around, most people have probably only heard about it recently due to it's arrival in Vancouver. This is not surprising as APEC functions through closed door meetings of politicians, big business representatives, bureaucrats, and academics. The APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC), is the only institutional presence in APEC, that is not apart of the government. ABAC is made up of CEOs. Those who are affected most by APEC's policies have no say in APEC deliberations and policies. APEC does not function in isolation unlike some other organizations. Fundamental